MySQL5.5版本部署的一个问题

01

MySQL部署

目前公司部署MySQL是通过平台化操作的,周五的时候,平台暂时出了点儿问题,手上有个需求比较着急,就直接手动的部署了一下,由于好长时间没有部署环境了,竟然有些手生,这里把部署的步骤以及遇到的问题记录下来,希望对大家有所帮助。

1、一般情况下,部署有三种常用的方式,第一种是yum的方式,也就是rpm包,第二种是源码的方式,也就是source code,第三种是二进制包,也就是tar.gz格式的包,解压之后即可,我采用的是第三种方法,部署的MySQL版本是5.5.19版本。

2、首先来看下错误吧:

启动服务的语句:
/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf &

 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
 [Note] InnoDB: Percona XtraDB (http://www.percona.com) 5.7.16-10 started; log sequence number 0
 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
20190621_11:25:41mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
 [ERROR] unknown variable 'thread_concurrency=8'
 [ERROR] Aborting

可以看到,一共报了两个错误,第一个是不能打开mysql.plugin这个表,第二个错误是参数错误,这个参数thread_concurrency无法识别。

对于第二个问题,可以确认是配置文件里面的参数问题,因为我使用的是常规的5.7的配置文件,改了几个参数,所以这个参数很有可能是漏改了,改掉即可。主要是第一个问题,这个时候,我进行了下面的尝试。

3、解决方式

尝试1:尝试重新启动

使用service mysql start的方法:

[root]# service mysql_4310 start
Starting MySQL.....The server quit without updating PID fil[FAILED]/mysql_4310/tmp/mysql.pid).

发现服务还是无法启动,错误日志的输出不变。

尝试2:看到了错误后面的提示,运行mysql_upgrade方法

[root bin]# ./mysql_upgrade --protocol=tcp -P4310 -p
Enter password: 
Looking for 'mysql' as: ./mysql
Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as: ./mysqlcheck
Running 'mysqlcheck' with connection arguments: '--protocol=tcp' '--port=4310' 
./mysqlcheck: Got error: 2003: Can't connect to MySQL server on 'localhost' (111) when trying to connect

看来还是不行,这个时候我严重怀疑是配置文件的问题:。

尝试3:从线上环境中搞来了一个mysql5.5的配置文件,然后重新替换新的配置文件,重新启动:

[root@ mysql_4310]# /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf & 
[1] 63529
[root@ mysql_4310]# 190621 11:51:37 mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql_4310/log/hb30_web_wechat_answers-121_246.err'.
190621 11:51:37 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with data s from /data/mysql_4310/data
190621 11:51:40 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/mysql_4310/tmp/mysql.pid ended

查看错误日志:

 查看错误日志:
[Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld: Unknown error 1146
[ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 4.0G
InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
t specified data file /data/mysql_4310/ibdata1 did not exist:
ta  to be created!
 InnoDB: Setting file /data/mysql_4310/ibdata1 size to 1000 MB
 physically writes the file full: wait...
 in MB: 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
 InnoDB: Data file /data/mysql_4310/ibdata2 did not exist: new to be created
 InnoDB: Setting file /data/mysql_4310/ibdata2 size to 100 MB
 physically writes the file full: wait...
 in MB: 100
og file /data/mysql_4310/innodblog/ib_logfile0 is of different size 0 1073741824 bytes
cified in the .cnf file 0 134217728 bytes!
[ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
[ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
[ERROR] Aborting

发现最先面出现了新的错误,提示Innodb 初始化函数返回了错误,无法使用innodb存储引擎。到这里,我开始怀疑是不是初始化的时候,就有错误,导致服务不可用,于是想着重新初始化一遍数据字典,重新起服务,看看行不行。

尝试4:重新初始化数据字典

尝试使用initialize-insecure方法重新初始化,发现失败了。

[root mysql_4310]# /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld
 --initialize-insecure 
--defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf 
--datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data 
-- dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64 &
[1] 7045



[1]+  Exit 2      /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld 
--initialize-insecure 
--defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf 
--datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data 
-- dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64

错误日志还是之前的日志,提示mysql.plugin表不存在,除此之外,还多了一行,如下:

[ERROR] /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld: unknown option '--initialize-insecure'

于是上官方文档上面查看了--initialize-insecure参数,发现这个参数在mysql5.5版本没有,然后5.5版本的是initialize参数,于是换成这个initialize参数,重新初始化,然后报错如下:

[root@ ]/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld  --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data -- dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64 --initialize &

[1]+  Exit 2                  /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data -- dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64 --initialize

此时,查看官方文档,发现MySQL5.5版本的初始化使用的是mysql_install_db命令而不是mysqld命令,而mysql_install_db这个工具不在/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin目录中,而在/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/ s目录下面,于是通过cp命令将其拷贝到指定目录,然后进行初始化,如下:

[root@ mysql_4310]# /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db  
--defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf 
[root@ mysql_4310]# ll | grep install
[root@ mysql_4310]# /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db  
--defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf 
--datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data 
-- dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linu
[1] 16365
[root@ mysql_4310]# 
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h tk01-devt-mysql-7-200 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
data s and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64 ; /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/ s/mysqlbug  !


[1]+  Done                    /usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data -- dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64

结果成功。

总结如下:

1、MySQL5.5版本的初始化使用mysql_install_db工具,而不是mysqld工具

2、MySQL5.5版本的初始化使用--initialize参数

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