原型模式是创建模式中的一个。

原型模式有助于创建重复对象具有更好的性能。

在原型模式的现有对象的副本返回,而不是创造新的。

我们使用原型设计模式,如果创建新对象的成本是昂贵的和资源密集的。

下面的代码演示了如何使用原型模式来创建对象。

首先,它创建一个实现了Cloneable接口形状抽象类。

abstract class Shape implements Cloneable {
   
   private String id;
   protected String type;
   
   abstract void draw();
   
   public String getType(){
      return type;
   }
   
   public String getId() {
      return id;
   }
   
   public void setId(String id) {
      this.id = id;
   }
   
   public   clone() {
        clone = null;
      try {
         clone = super.clone();
      } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
      return clone;
   }
}

然后,它会创建扩展Shape类的三个具体的类。

class Rectangle extends Shape {

   public Rectangle(){
     type = \"Rectangle\";
   }

   @Override
   public void draw() {
      System.out.println(\"Inside Rectangle::draw() method.\");
   }
}
class Square extends Shape {

   public Square(){
     type = \"Square\";
   }

   @Override
   public void draw() {
      System.out.println(\"Inside Square::draw() method.\");
   }
}
class Circle extends Shape {

   public Circle(){
     type = \"Circle\";
   }

   @Override
   public void draw() {
      System.out.println(\"Inside Circle::draw() method.\");
   }
}

然后创建了一个ShapeProtoType类并返回形状的原型。

class ShapeProtoType{
  //from   w w w . jav  a 2 s.  c  o m
   private static Hashtable<String, Shape> shapeMap 
      = new Hashtable<String, Shape>();

   public static Shape getShape(String shapeId) {
      Shape cachedShape = shapeMap.get(shapeId);
      return (Shape) cachedShape.clone();
   }
   public static void loadCache() {
      Circle circle = new Circle();
      circle.setId(\"1\");
      shapeMap.put(circle.getId(),circle);

      Square square = new Square();
      square.setId(\"2\");
      shapeMap.put(square.getId(),square);

      Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle();
      rectangle.setId(\"3\");
      shapeMap.put(rectangle.getId(),rectangle);
   }
}
public class Main{
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ShapeProtoType.loadCache();

      Shape clonedShape = (Shape) ShapeProtoType.getShape(\"1\");
      System.out.println(\"Shape : \" + clonedShape.getType());    

      Shape clonedShape2 = (Shape) ShapeProtoType.getShape(\"2\");
      System.out.println(\"Shape : \" + clonedShape2.getType());    

      Shape clonedShape3 = (Shape) ShapeProtoType.getShape(\"3\");
      System.out.println(\"Shape : \" + clonedShape3.getType());    
   }
}

 

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