对python 匹配字符串开头和结尾的方法详解

>>> filename = \'spam.txt\'
>>> filename.endswith(\'.txt\')
True
>>> filename.startswith(\'file:\')
False
>>> url = \'http://www.python.org\'
>>> url.startswith(\'http:\')
True
>>> 

>>> import os
>>> filenames = os.listdir(\'.\')
>>> filenames
[ \'Makefile\', \'foo.c\', \'bar.py\', \'spam.c\', \'spam.h\' ]
>>> [name for name in filenames if name.endswith((\'.c\', \'.h\')) ]
[\'foo.c\', \'spam.c\', \'spam.h\'
>>> any(name.endswith(\'.py\') for name in filenames)
True
>>>
 
#示例2
from urllib.request import urlopen
def read_data(name):
 if name.startswith((\'http:\', \'https:\', \'ftp:\')):
 return urlopen(name).read()
 else:
 with open(name) as f:
  return f.read() 

>>> choices = [\'http:\', \'ftp:\']
>>> url = \'http://www.python.org\'
>>> url.startswith(choices)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: startswith first arg must be str or a tuple of str, not list
>>> url.startswith(tuple(choices))
True
>>>

>>> filename = \'spam.txt\'
>>> filename[-4:] == \'.txt\'
True
>>> url = \'http://www.python.org\'
>>> url[:5] == \'http:\' or url[:6] == \'https:\' or url[:4] == \'ftp:\'
True
>>>

>>> import re
>>> url = \'http://www.python.org\'
>>> re.match(\'http:jhttps:jftp:\', url)
<_sre.SRE_Match   at 0x101253098>
>>>

if any(name.endswith((\'.c\', \'.h\')) for name in listdir(dirname)):
...