在python中Template可以将字符串的格式固定下来，重复利用。 同一套测试框架为了可以复用，所以我们可以将用例部分做参数化，然后运用到各个项目中。

代码如下：

coding=utf-8
\'\'\'
作者：大石
功能：自动生成pyunit框架下的接口测试用例
环境：python2.7.6
用法：将用户给的参数处理成对应格式,然后调用模块类生成函数，并将参数传入即可
\'\'\'
 
from string import Template
#动态生成单个测试用例函数字符串
def singleMethodCreate(MethodList,interfaceNamePara):
  code=Template(\'\'\'\\n  def test_${testcase}(self):
    u\"\"\"${testcaseName}\"\"\"
    headers = $headers
    data = $data
    re = requests.$method(url=\'$url\',headers=headers,data=data)
    status_code = re.status_code
    s = str(status_code)
    json = re.text
    logging.info(\'-\'*5+\'返回状态码是\'+s+\'-\'*5)
    logging.info(\'-\'*5+\'返回结果集是\'+json+\'-\'*5)
    assert status_code == 200
    assert json[\'status\'] == \'ok\'
\'\'\')
 
  string = code.substitute(testcase=MethodList[\"testcase\"],testcaseName=MethodList[\"TestcaseName\"],
               method=MethodList[\'method\'],url=MethodList[\'url\'],headers=MethodList[\'headers\'],data=MethodList[\'data\'],
               )
  return string
 
#拼接单个的测试用例函数字符串为完整字符串并传回主函数
#MethodParaList获取测试用例部分list
def methodCreate(MethodParaList,interfaceNamePara):
  string = \"\"
  for MethodPara in MethodParaList:
    string2=singleMethodCreate(MethodPara,interfaceNamePara)
    string=string+string2
  return string
 
#构造单个测试集
def singleTestsuitCreate(MethodList,parameters):
  code = Template(\'\'\'suite.addTest(${className}(\"test_${testcase}\"))\'\'\')
  string = code.substitute(testcase = MethodList[\"testcase\"],className = parameters[0])
  return string
 
#添加测试集
def addtestsuit(MethodParaList,interfaceNamePara):
  string = \"\"
  for MethodPara in MethodParaList:
    string2 = singleTestsuitCreate(MethodPara,interfaceNamePara)
    string=string+string2
  return string
 
#生成测试用例类函数字符串
def modelClassCreate(parameters):
  modelCode = methodCreate(parameters[2],parameters[1])
  adtestsuit = addtestsuit(parameters[2],parameters)
  code = Template(\'\'\'#coding: utf-8
\"\"\"
作者：大石
功能：待执行的接口测试用例
环境：python2.7.6
用法：通过框架自动触发调用
\"\"\"
import unittest,requests,datetime,sys,logging,BSTestRunner,time,os
from Log import Log
class ${className}(unittest.TestCase):
  u\"\"\"待测试接口：${interfaceName}\"\"\"
  def setUp(self):
    logging.info(\'-\'*5+\"begin test\"+\"-\"*5)
  def tearDown(self):
    logging.info(\'-\'*5+\"end test\"+\'-\'*5)
  ${model}
if __name__ == \"__main__\":
  #解决UnicodeDecodeError: \'ascii\' codec can\'t decode byte 0xe5 in position 97: ordinal not in range(128)
  reload(sys)
  sys.setdefaultencoding(\'utf8\')
  #构造测试集
  suite = unittest.TestSuite()
  ${testsuite}
  #定义date为日期，time为时间
  date=time.strftime(\"%Y%m%d\")
  time1=time.strftime(\"%H%M%S\")
  now=time.strftime(\"%Y-%m-%d-%H_%M_%S\",time.localtime(time.time()))
  #创建路径
  path=\'F:/test/study/yaml/test_log/\'+now+\"/\"
  #解决多次执行时报路径已存在的错误
  try:
    os.makedirs(path)
  except:
    if path!= None:
      logging.error(u\'当前路径已经存在\')
  filename=path+\'Report.html\'
  fp=file(filename,\'wb\')
  #日志记录
  Log.log()
  #执行测试
  runner =BSTestRunner.BSTestRunner(stream=fp, =u\'下单平台接口测试用例\',de ion=u\'接口用例列表：\')
  runner.run(suite)
  fp.close()
\'\'\')
  fileStr = code.substitute(className=parameters[0],interfaceName=parameters[1],testsuite=adtestsuit,model=modelCode)
  f=open(parameters[0]+\".py\",\'w\')
  f.write(fileStr)
  f.close()

然后测试用例部分如下：

parameters=[\"Testcase_Orders\",
        \"/login\",
        [
          {\"TestcaseName\":\"测试登录\",\"method\":\"post\",\"url\":\"http://www.senbaba.cn/login\",\"headers\":{\'content-type\': \'application/json\',
          \'User-Agent\':\'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko\',
          \'Accept\':\'application/x-ms-application, image/jpeg, application/xaml+ , image/gif, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, */*\',
          \'Accept-Language\':\'zh-CN\'},\"data\":{\"uname\":\"187071484771\",\"pwd\":\"123456\"},
            \"testcase\":\"login\"},
 
          {\"TestcaseName\":\"测试登录\",\"method\":\"post\",\"url\":\"http://www.senbaba.cn/login1\",\"headers\":{\'content-type\': \'application/json\',
          \'User-Agent\':\'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko\',
          \'Accept\':\'application/x-ms-application, image/jpeg, application/xaml+ , image/gif, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, */*\',
          \'Accept-Language\':\'zh-CN\'},\"data\":{\"uname\":\"187071484771\",\"pwd\":\"123457\"},
            \"testcase\":\"login_failed\"}
        ]
      ]

自动生成的测试用例如下： 

#coding: utf-8
\"\"\"
作者：大石
功能：待执行的接口测试用例
环境：python2.7.6
用法：通过框架自动触发调用
\"\"\"
import unittest,requests,datetime,sys,logging,BSTestRunner,time,os
from Log import Log
class Testcase_Orders(unittest.TestCase):
  u\"\"\"待测试接口：/login\"\"\"
  def setUp(self):
    logging.info(\'-\'*5+\"begin test\"+\"-\"*5)
 
  def tearDown(self):
    logging.info(\'-\'*5+\"end test\"+\'-\'*5)
 
  
  def test_login(self):
    u\"\"\"测试登录\"\"\"
    headers = {\'Accept-Language\': \'zh-CN\', \'content-type\': \'application/json\', \'Accept\': \'application/x-ms-application, image/jpeg, application/xaml+ , image/gif, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, */*\', \'User-Agent\': \'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko\'}
    data = {\'uname\': \'187071484771\', \'pwd\': \'123456\'}
    re = requests.post(url=\'http://www.senbaba.cn/login\',headers=headers,data=data)
    status_code = re.status_code
    s = str(status_code)
    json = re.text
    logging.info(\'-\'*5+\'返回状态码是\'+s+\'-\'*5)
    logging.info(\'-\'*5+\'返回结果集是\'+json+\'-\'*5)
    assert status_code == 200
    assert json[\'status\'] == \'ok\'
 
  def test_login_failed(self):
    u\"\"\"测试登录\"\"\"
    headers = {\'Accept-Language\': \'zh-CN\', \'content-type\': \'application/json\', \'Accept\': \'application/x-ms-application, image/jpeg, application/xaml+ , image/gif, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, */*\', \'User-Agent\': \'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko\'}
    data = {\'uname\': \'187071484771\', \'pwd\': \'123457\'}
    re = requests.post(url=\'http://www.senbaba.cn/login1\',headers=headers,data=data)
    status_code = re.status_code
    s = str(status_code)
    json = re.text
    logging.info(\'-\'*5+\'返回状态码是\'+s+\'-\'*5)
    logging.info(\'-\'*5+\'返回结果集是\'+json+\'-\'*5)
    assert status_code == 200
    assert json[\'status\'] == \'ok\'
 
 
if __name__ == \"__main__\":
  #解决UnicodeDecodeError: \'ascii\' codec can\'t decode byte 0xe5 in position 97: ordinal not in range(128)
  reload(sys)
  sys.setdefaultencoding(\'utf8\')
  #构造测试集
  suite = unittest.TestSuite()
  
  suite.addTest(Testcase_Orders(\"test_login\"))
 
  suite.addTest(Testcase_Orders(\"test_login_failed\"))
 
  #定义date为日期，time为时间
  date=time.strftime(\"%Y%m%d\")
  time1=time.strftime(\"%H%M%S\")
  now=time.strftime(\"%Y-%m-%d-%H_%M_%S\",time.localtime(time.time()))
  #创建路径
  path=\'F:/test/study/yaml/test_log/\'+now+\"/\"
  #解决多次执行时报路径已存在的错误
  try:
    os.makedirs(path)
  except:
    if path!= None:
      logging.error(u\'当前路径已经存在\')
  filename=path+\'Report.html\'
  fp=file(filename,\'wb\')
  #日志记录
  Log.log()
  #执行测试
  runner =BSTestRunner.BSTestRunner(stream=fp, =u\'下单平台接口测试用例\',de ion=u\'接口用例列表：\')
  runner.run(suite)
  fp.close()

20171019添加测试集的一个简单方法：

#添加测试集
def addtestsuit(parameters):
  string = \"\"
  temp = Template(\'\'\'\\n  suite.addTest(${className}(\"test_${testcase}\"))
\'\'\')
  l = len(parameters[2])
  for i in range(0,l):
    testcase1 = parameters[2][i][\'testcase\']
    string2 = temp.substitute(className = parameters[0],testcase = testcase1)
    string=string+string2
    print string
  return string

以上这篇对python自动生成接口测试的示例讲解就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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