ffmpeg音频pcm重采样48000到44100

为何要重采样因为

一些工作的需要，需要保存成FLV文件，而在保存的过程中，48000的采样率并不符合用FLV的封装标准（最高44100），所以在这里通过调用ffmpeg来重采样pcm，并保存文件。

代码

ffmpeg版本3.4.2

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2012 Stefano Sabatini
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

/**
 * @example resampling_audio.c
 * libswresample API use example.
 */

extern \"C\"
{
#include <stdio.h>
#include <libavutil/opt.h>
#include <libavutil/channel_layout.h>
#include <libavutil/samplefmt.h>
#include <libswresample/swresample.h>

static int get_format_from_sample_fmt(const char **fmt,
                                      enum AVSampleFormat sample_fmt)
{
    int i;
    struct sample_fmt_entry {
        enum AVSampleFormat sample_fmt; const char *fmt_be, *fmt_le;
    } sample_fmt_entries[] = {
        { AV_SAMPLE_FMT_U8,  \"u8\",    \"u8\"    },
        { AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16, \"s16be\", \"s16le\" },
        { AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S32, \"s32be\", \"s32le\" },
        { AV_SAMPLE_FMT_FLT, \"f32be\", \"f32le\" },
        { AV_SAMPLE_FMT_DBL, \"f64be\", \"f64le\" },
    };
    *fmt = NULL;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(sample_fmt_entries); i++) {
        struct sample_fmt_entry *entry = &sample_fmt_entries[i];
        if (sample_fmt == entry->sample_fmt) {
            *fmt = AV_NE(entry->fmt_be, entry->fmt_le);
            return 0;
        }
    }

    fprintf(stderr,
            \"Sample format %s not supported as output format\\n\",
            av_get_sample_fmt_name(sample_fmt));
    return AVERROR(EINVAL);
}

/**
 * Fill dst buffer with nb_samples, generated starting from t.
 */
static void fill_samples(double *dst, int nb_samples, int nb_channels, int sample_rate, double *t)
{
    int i, j;
    double tincr = 1.0 / sample_rate, *dstp = dst;
    const double c = 2 * M_PI * 440.0;

    /* generate sin tone with 440Hz frequency and duplicated channels */
    for (i = 0; i < nb_samples; i++) {
        *dstp = sin(c * *t);
        for (j = 1; j < nb_channels; j++)
            dstp[j] = dstp[0];
        dstp += nb_channels;
        *t += tincr;
    }
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    FILE *pInputFile = fopen(\"huangdun_r48000_FMT_S16_c2.pcm\", \"rb\");
    int64_t src_ch_layout = AV_CH_LAYOUT_STEREO, dst_ch_layout = AV_CH_LAYOUT_STEREO;//AV_CH_LAYOUT_SURROUND;
    int src_rate = 48000, dst_rate = 44100;
    uint8_t **src_data = NULL, **dst_data = NULL;
    int src_nb_channels = 0, dst_nb_channels = 0;
    int src_linesize, dst_linesize;
    int src_nb_samples = 1024, dst_nb_samples, max_dst_nb_samples;
    enum AVSampleFormat src_sample_fmt = AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16, dst_sample_fmt = AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16;
    const char *dst_filename = NULL;
    FILE *dst_file;
    int dst_bufsize;
    const char *fmt;
    struct SwrContext *swr_ctx;
    double t;
    int ret;

    if (argc != 2) {
        fprintf(stderr, \"Usage: %s output_file\\n\"
                \"API example program to show how to resample an audio stream with libswresample.\\n\"
                \"This program generates a series of audio  s, resamples them to a specified \"
                \"output format and rate and saves them to an output file named output_file.\\n\",
            argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }
    dst_filename = argv[1];

    dst_file = fopen(dst_filename, \"wb\");
    if (!dst_file) {
        fprintf(stderr, \"Could not open destination file %s\\n\", dst_filename);
        exit(1);
    }

    /* create resampler context */
    swr_ctx = swr_alloc();
    if (!swr_ctx) {
        fprintf(stderr, \"Could not allocate resampler context\\n\");
        ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        goto end;
    }

    /* set options */
    av_opt_set_int(swr_ctx, \"in_channel_layout\",    src_ch_layout, 0);
    av_opt_set_int(swr_ctx, \"in_sample_rate\",       src_rate, 0);
    av_opt_set_sample_fmt(swr_ctx, \"in_sample_fmt\", src_sample_fmt, 0);

    av_opt_set_int(swr_ctx, \"out_channel_layout\",    dst_ch_layout, 0);
    av_opt_set_int(swr_ctx, \"out_sample_rate\",       dst_rate, 0);
    av_opt_set_sample_fmt(swr_ctx, \"out_sample_fmt\", dst_sample_fmt, 0);

    /* initialize the resampling context */
    if ((ret = swr_init(swr_ctx)) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, \"Failed to initialize the resampling context\\n\");
        goto end;
    }

    /* allocate source and destination samples buffers */

    src_nb_channels = av_get_channel_layout_nb_channels(src_ch_layout);
    ret = av_samples_alloc_array_and_samples(&src_data, &src_linesize, src_nb_channels,
                                             src_nb_samples, src_sample_fmt, 0);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, \"Could not allocate source samples\\n\");
        goto end;
    }

    /* compute the number of converted samples: buffering is avoided
     * ensuring that the output buffer will contain at least all the
     * converted input samples */
    max_dst_nb_samples = dst_nb_samples =
        av_rescale_rnd(src_nb_samples, dst_rate, src_rate, AV_ROUND_UP);

    /* buffer is going to be directly written to a rawaudio file, no alignment */
    dst_nb_channels = av_get_channel_layout_nb_channels(dst_ch_layout);
    ret = av_samples_alloc_array_and_samples(&dst_data, &dst_linesize, dst_nb_channels,
                                             dst_nb_samples, dst_sample_fmt, 0);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, \"Could not allocate destination samples\\n\");
        goto end;
    }

    t = 0;
    int iRealRead;
    do {
        /* generate synthetic audio */
        //fill_samples((double *)src_data[0], src_nb_samples, src_nb_channels, src_rate, &t);
		iRealRead = fread((double*)src_data[0], 1, 4096, pInputFile);

        /* compute destination number of samples */
        dst_nb_samples = av_rescale_rnd(swr_get_delay(swr_ctx, src_rate) +
                                        src_nb_samples, dst_rate, src_rate, AV_ROUND_UP);
        if (dst_nb_samples > max_dst_nb_samples) {
            av_freep(&dst_data[0]);
            ret = av_samples_alloc(dst_data, &dst_linesize, dst_nb_channels,
                                   dst_nb_samples, dst_sample_fmt, 1);
            if (ret < 0)
                break;
            max_dst_nb_samples = dst_nb_samples;
        }

        /* convert to destination format */
	printf(\"src_nb_samples:%d, dst_nb_samples:%d\\n\",src_nb_samples, dst_nb_samples);
        ret = swr_convert(swr_ctx, dst_data, dst_nb_samples, (const uint8_t **)src_data, src_nb_samples);
        if (ret < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, \"Error while converting\\n\");
            goto end;
        }
        dst_bufsize = av_samples_get_buffer_size(&dst_linesize, dst_nb_channels,
                                                 ret, dst_sample_fmt, 1);
        if (dst_bufsize < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, \"Could not get sample buffer size\\n\");
            goto end;
        }
        printf(\"t:%f in:%d out:%d ,dst_bufsize:%d\\n\", t, src_nb_samples, ret, dst_bufsize);
        fwrite(dst_data[0], 1, dst_bufsize, dst_file);
    } while (iRealRead>0);


    if ((ret = get_format_from_sample_fmt(&fmt, dst_sample_fmt)) < 0)
        goto end;
    fprintf(stderr, \"Resampling succeeded. Play the output file with the command:\\n\"
            \"ffplay -f %s -channel_layout %\"PRId64\" -channels %d -ar %d %s\\n\",
            fmt, dst_ch_layout, dst_nb_channels, dst_rate, dst_filename);

end:
    fclose(dst_file);

    if (src_data)
        av_freep(&src_data[0]);
    av_freep(&src_data);

    if (dst_data)
        av_freep(&dst_data[0]);
    av_freep(&dst_data);

    swr_free(&swr_ctx);
    return ret < 0;
}
}

说明

需要注意的是，原始PCM是AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16也就是16位交错存储的PCM，冲采样出来的也同样如此，那么如果你要转成AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16P的话，需要注意的是，才获取重采完的PCM的时候，不止需要获取dst_data[0]的数据，同样需要获取dst_data[1]的数据并叠加存放，如果是S16的话只需要存储dst_data[0]即可（如代码），原因是16P的数据是并行存储在两个数组元素里。

PCM下载地址

https://download.csdn.net/download/huihunxu1307/10863655

编译命令

g++ main.cpp -o Resample -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -lavformat -lavdevice -lavfilter -lavcodec -lavutil -lswresample -lswscale -lpostproc