python之常用模块

import sysimport ospre_path = os.path.abspath('../')sys.path.append(pre_path)

yum pipapt-get...

下载源码解压源码进入目录编译源码    python setup.py build安装源码    python setup.py install

yum install gccyum install python-devel或apt-get python-dev

def copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst, length=16*1024):    """copy data from file-like   fsrc to file-like   fdst"""    while 1:        buf = fsrc.read(length)        if not buf:            break        fdst.write(buf)

def copyfile(src, dst):    """Copy data from src to dst"""    if _samefile(src, dst):        raise Error("`%s` and `%s` are the same file" % (src, dst))    for fn in [src, dst]:        try:            st = os.stat(fn)        except OSError:            # File most likely does not exist            pass        else:            # XXX What about other special files? (sockets, devices...)            if stat.S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode):                raise SpecialFileError("`%s` is a named pipe" % fn)    with open(src, 'rb') as fsrc:        with open(dst, 'wb') as fdst:            copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst)

def copymode(src, dst):    """Copy mode bits from src to dst"""    if hasattr(os, 'chmod'):        st = os.stat(src)        mode = stat.S_IMODE(st.st_mode)        os.chmod(dst, mode)

def copystat(src, dst):    """Copy all stat info (mode bits, atime, mtime, flags) from src to dst"""    st = os.stat(src)    mode = stat.S_IMODE(st.st_mode)    if hasattr(os, 'utime'):        os.utime(dst, (st.st_atime, st.st_mtime))    if hasattr(os, 'chmod'):        os.chmod(dst, mode)    if hasattr(os, 'chflags') and hasattr(st, 'st_flags'):        try:            os.chflags(dst, st.st_flags)        except OSError, why:            for err in 'EOPNOTSUPP', 'ENOTSUP':                if hasattr(errno, err) and why.errno == getattr(errno, err):                    break            else:                raise

def copy(src, dst):    """Copy data and mode bits ("cp src dst").    The destination may be a directory.    """    if os.path.isdir(dst):        dst = os.path.join(dst, os.path. name(src))    copyfile(src, dst)    copymode(src, dst)

def copy2(src, dst):    """Copy data and all stat info ("cp -p src dst").    The destination may be a directory.    """    if os.path.isdir(dst):        dst = os.path.join(dst, os.path. name(src))    copyfile(src, dst)    copystat(src, dst)

import zipfile# 压缩z = zipfile.ZipFile('laxi.zip', 'w')z.write('a.log')z.write('data.data')z.close()# 解压z = zipfile.ZipFile('laxi.zip', 'r')z.extractall()z.close()

import tarfile# 压缩tar = tarfile.open('your.tar','w')tar.add('/Users/wupeiqi/PycharmProjects/bbs2.zip', arcname='bbs2.zip')tar.add('/Users/wupeiqi/PycharmProjects/cmdb.zip', arcname='cmdb.zip')tar.close()# 解压tar = tarfile.open('your.tar','r')tar.extractall()  # 可设置解压地址tar.close()

import shelve d = shelve.open('shelve_test') #打开一个文件 class Test( ):    def __init__(self,n):        self.n = n  t = Test(123) t2 = Test(123334) name = ["young","Jon","test"]d["test"] = name #持久化列表d["t1"] = t      #持久化类d["t2"] = t2 d.close()

<?  version="1.0"?><data>    <country name="Liechtenstein">        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>        <year>2008</year>        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>    </country>    <country name="Singapore">        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>        <year>2011</year>        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>    </country>    <country name="Panama">        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>        <year>2011</year>        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>    </country></data>

import  .etree.ElementTree as ET tree = ET.parse(" test. ")root = tree.getroot()print(root.tag) #遍历 文档for child in root:    print(child.tag, child.attrib)    for i in child:        print(i.tag,i.text) #只遍历year 节点for node in root.iter('year'):    print(node.tag,node.text)

import  .etree.ElementTree as ET tree = ET.parse(" test. ")root = tree.getroot() #修改for node in root.iter('year'):    new_year = int(node.text) + 1    node.text = str(new_year)    node.set("updated","yes") tree.write(" test. ")  #删除nodefor country in root.findall('country'):   rank = int(country.find('rank').text)   if rank > 50:     root.remove(country) tree.write('output. ')

import  .etree.ElementTree as ET  new_  = ET.Element("namelist")name = ET.SubElement(new_ ,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"})age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"})sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex")sex.text = '33'name2 = ET.SubElement(new_ ,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age")age.text = '19' et = ET.ElementTree(new_ ) #生成文档对象et.write("test. ", encoding="utf-8", _declaration=True) ET.dump(new_ ) #打印生成的格式

# 注释1; 注释2 [section1]k1 = v1k2:v2 [section2]k1 = v1import ConfigParser config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()config.read('i.cfg') # ########## 读 ###########secs = config.sections()#print secs#options = config.options('group2')#print options #item_list = config.items('group2')#print item_list #val = config.get('group1','key')#val = config.getint('group1','key') # ########## 改写 ###########sec = config.remove_section('group1')#config.write(open('i.cfg', "w")) #sec = config.has_section('wupeiqi')#sec = config.add_section('wupeiqi')#config.write(open('i.cfg', "w"))  #config.set('group2','k1',11111)#config.write(open('i.cfg', "w")) #config.remove_option('group2','age')#config.write(open('i.cfg', "w"))

 1 import logging 2   3 #create logger 4 logger = logging.getLogger('TEST-LOG') 5 logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) 6   7   8 # create console handler and set level to debug 9 ch = logging.StreamHandler()10 ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)11  12 # create file handler and set level to warning13 fh = logging.FileHandler("access.log")14 fh.setLevel(logging.WARNING)15 # create formatter16 formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')17  18 # add formatter to ch and fh19 ch.setFormatter(formatter)20 fh.setFormatter(formatter)21  22 # add ch and fh to logger23 logger.addHandler(ch)24 logger.addHandler(fh)25  26 # 'application' code27 logger.debug('debug message')28 logger.info('info message')29 logger.warn('warn message')30 logger.error('error message')31 logger.critical('critical message')

import loggingfrom logging import handlerslogger = logging.getLogger(__name__)log_file = "timelog.log"#fh = handlers.RotatingFileHandler(filename=log_file,maxBytes=10,backupCount=3)fh = handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(filename=log_file,when="S",interval=5,backupCount=3)formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(module)s:%(lineno)d %(message)s')fh.setFormatter(formatter)logger.addHandler(fh)logger.warning("test1")logger.warning("test12")logger.warning("test13")logger.warning("test14")

 1 print time.time() 2 print time.mktime(time.localtime()) 3    4 print time.gmtime()    #可加时间戳参数 5 print time.localtime() #可加时间戳参数 6 print time.strptime('2014-11-11', '%Y-%m-%d') 7    8 print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') #默认当前时间 9 print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',time.localtime()) #默认当前时间10 print time.asctime()11 print time.asctime(time.localtime())12 print time.ctime(time.time())13   14 import datetime15 '''16 datetime.date：表示日期的类。常用的属性有year, month, day17 datetime.time：表示时间的类。常用的属性有hour, minute, second, microsecond18 datetime.datetime：表示日期时间19 datetime.timedelta：表示时间间隔，即两个时间点之间的长度20 timedelta([days[, seconds[, microseconds[, milliseconds[, minutes[, hours[, weeks]]]]]]])21 strftime("%Y-%m-%d")22 '''23 import datetime24 print datetime.datetime.now()25 print datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=5)