Hive中的join操作

在做sql 操作的时候多表join 在所难免，下面主要介绍一下hive 中做join

LEFT JOIN，RIGHT JOIN， FULL OUTER JOIN ,inner join, left semi join

准备数据
1,a
2,b
3,c
4,d
7,y
8,u

2,bb
3,cc
7,yy
9,pp

建表：

create table a(id int,name string)
row format delimited fields terminated by \',\';

create table b(id int,name string)
row format delimited fields terminated by \',\';
导入数据：

load data local inpath \'/home/hadoop/a.txt\' into table a;
load data local inpath \'/home/hadoop/b.txt\' into table b;
1. inner join
select * from a inner join b on a.id=b.id;
+-------+---------+-------+---------+--+
| a.id | a.name | b.id | b.name |
+-------+---------+-------+---------+--+
| 2 | b | 2 | bb |
| 3 | c | 3 | cc |
| 7 | y | 7 | yy |
+-------+---------+-------+---------+--+
就是求交集。

2. inner join
select * from a left join b on a.id=b.id;
+-------+---------+-------+---------+--+
| a.id | a.name | b.id | b.name |
+-------+---------+-------+---------+--+
| 1 | a | NULL | NULL |
| 2 | b | 2 | bb |
| 3 | c | 3 | cc |
| 4 | d | NULL | NULL |
| 7 | y | 7 | yy |
| 8 | u | NULL | NULL |
+-------+---------+-------+---------+--+
左边没有找到连接的置空。

3. right join
select * from a right join b on a.id=b.id;
4. full outer join
select * from a full outer join b on a.id=b.id;
+-------+---------+-------+---------+--+
| a.id | a.name | b.id | b.name |
+-------+---------+-------+---------+--+
| 1 | a | NULL | NULL |
| 2 | b | 2 | bb |
| 3 | c | 3 | cc |
| 4 | d | NULL | NULL |
| 7 | y | 7 | yy |
| 8 | u | NULL | NULL |
| NULL | NULL | 9 | pp |
+-------+---------+-------+---------+--+
两边数据都显示。

5. left semi join
select * from a left semi join b on a.id = b.id;
+-------+---------+--+
| a.id | a.name |
+-------+---------+--+
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
| 7 | y |
+-------+---------+--+
只返回左边一半，即a的东西，效率高一点。

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