查看Python文档的几种方法

查看文档是一个程序员的基本功，这里简单介绍几种查看Python文档的方法，下面以struct模块为例。

1.help

在交互模式下，help函数式获取文档的好帮手，使用非常简单。

>>> import struct
>>> help(struct)
Help on module struct:

NAME
    struct

DESCRIPTION
    Functions to convert between Python values and C structs.
    Python bytes objects are used to hold the data representing the C struct
    and also as format strings (explained below) to describe the layout of data
    in the C struct.

    The optional first format char indicates byte order, size and alignment:
      @: native order, size & alignment (default)
      =: native order, std. size & alignment
      <: little-endian, std. size & alignment
      >: big-endian, std. size & alignment
      !: same as >

    The remaining chars indicate types of args and must match exactly;
    these can be preceded by a decimal repeat count:
      x: pad byte (no data); c:char; b:signed byte; B:unsigned byte;
      ?: _Bool (requires C99; if not available, char is used instead)
      h:short; H:unsigned short; i:int; I:unsigned int;

2.__doc__

__doc__是每个对象都有的属性，其存放了对象文档。

>>> import struct
>>> struct.__doc__
\"Functions to convert between Python values and C structs.\\nPython bytes objects are used to hold the data representing the C struct\\nand also as format string
s (explained below) to describe the layout of data\\nin the C struct.\\n\\nThe optional first format char indicates byte order, size and alignment:\\n  @: native o
rder, size & alignment (default)\\n  =: native order, std. size & alignment\\n  <: little-endian, std. size & alignment\\n  >: big-endian, std. size & alignment\\n
  !: same as >\\n\\nThe remaining chars indicate types of args and must match exactly;\\nthese can be preceded by a decimal repeat count:\\n  x: pad byte (no data)
; c:char; b:signed byte; B:unsigned byte;\\n  ?: _Bool (requires C99; if not available, char is used instead)\\n  h:short; H:unsigned short; i:int; I:unsigned in
t;\\n  l:long; L:unsigned long; 

3.离线文档

安装Python时会自带一个chm格式的离线文档Python documention，该文档的信息比较全。

4.离线模块文档

Python针对模块还有一个单独的文档，该文档在浏览器中查看。

5.在线文档

在浏览器打开https://docs.python.org/3.4/