pxe自动化批量安装系统（Centos7）

小编 2026-07-10 阅读:197 评论:0

PXE：preboot execute environment环境实现：主服务器ip：10.0....

PXE：preboot execute environment

环境实现：主服务器ip：10.0.10.1

1 tfpt

trivial简单文件共享服务，基于udp协议工作；

加载系统安装程序；

69/udp

[root@t2 ~]# yum list *tftp*

[root@t2 ~]# yum install tftp tftp-server

[root@t2 ~]# rpm -ql tftp-server

 1 /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 2 /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.service 3 /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket 4 /usr/sbin/in.tftpd 5 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2 6 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/CHANGES 7 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/README 8 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/README.security 9 /usr/share/man/man8/in.tftpd.8.gz10 /usr/share/man/man8/tftpd.8.gz11 /var/lib/tftpboot           # 默认共享路径

View Code

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start tftp.service

2 dhcp

dynamic host configuration protocol

提供地址池（租约）；不能跨路由器；

能提供的信息包括：ip, netmask, gateway, dns server, dns search domain, nis server, lease time

C/S：

Client ：68/udp

Server：67/udp

C S C S

dhcpdiscover-->dhcppoffer-->dhcprequest-->dhcpack

注：因VM虚拟机提供dhcp服务功能，故测试不能使用自带的三种用户模式，应自建虚拟网络。

ifconfig eth1 10.0.10.1/24 up

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install dhcp

[root@t2 ~]# rpm -ql dhcp

cp -p /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

[root@t2 ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

dhcpd.conf

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start dhcpd.service

通过另外一台服务器配置dhcp设置网卡后，在dhcp服务器上存在租赁记录：

[root@t2 /etc/dhcp]# tail /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases

dhcpd.leases pxe自动化批量安装系统（Centos7）

 1 lease 10.0.10.11 { 2   starts 6 2017/08/19 14:46:16; 3   ends 6 2017/08/19 14:56:16; 4   cltt 6 2017/08/19 14:46:16; 5   binding state active; 6   next binding state free; 7   rewind binding state free; 8   hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:e3:ea:af; 9   client-hostname "t3";10 }

3 http

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install httpd

[root@t2 ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf|grep IncludeOptional

#IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/Centos7

准备系统文件：

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install syslinux

[root@t2 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# cp /media/cdrom/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/{chain.c32,mboot.c32,menu.c32,memdisk} /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# mkdir -pv /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

[root@t2 ~]# cat pxelinux.cfg/default

1 default menu.c322 prompt 5 3 timeout 154 MENU TITLE Hello , luomr5 6 LABEL linux7 MENU LABEL Install CentOS / x86_648 KERNEL vmlinuz9 APPEND initrd=initrd.img inst.repo=http://10.0.10.1/Centos7 ks=http://10.0.10.1/ks.cfg

default

确认文件：

[root@t2 /var/lib/tftpboot]# ls

chain.c32 mboot.c32 menu.c32 pxelinux.cfg

initrd.img memdisk pxelinux.0 vmlinuz

4 ks.cfg

注：以下为ks.cfg内容，可直接复制粘贴使用

[root@t2 ~]# cp ks.cfg /var/www/html/

  1 #platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T  2 #version=DEVEL  3 # Install OS instead of upgrade  4 install  5 # Keyboard layouts  6 keyboard 'us'  7 # Root password  8 rootpw --plaintext 000000  9 # Use network installation 10 url --url="http://10.0.10.1/Centos7" 11 # System language 12 lang zh_CN 13 # Firewall configuration 14 firewall --disabled 15 # System authorization information 16 auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512 17 # Use graphical install 18 graphical 19 # SELinux configuration 20 selinux --disabled 21 # Do not configure the X Window System 22 skipx 23  24 # Network information 25 network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 26 # Reboot after installation 27 reboot 28 # System timezone 29 timezone Asia/Shanghai 30 # System bootloader configuration 31 bootloader --location=mbr 32 # Partition clearing information 33 clearpart --all --initlabel 34 # Disk partitioning information 35 part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=200 36 part /usr/local --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=8000 37 part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=800 38 part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --ondisk=sda --size=1 39  40 %packages 41 @development 42 @remote-system-management 43 ElectricFence 44 ant 45 babel 46 bzr 47 chrpath 48 cmake 49 cvs 50 expect 51 imake 52 ksc 53 lrzsz 54 libstdc++-docs 55 mercurial 56 nasm 57 net-tools 58 perltidy 59 rpmdevtools 60 rpmlint 61 vim 62 systemtap-sdt-devel 63 systemtap-server 64  65 %end 66  67 %post --interpreter=/bin/sh 68 #!/bin/bash 69 #by luomr 70  71 #deploy yum  72 rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo 73 cat>/etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << EOF 74 [Centos7] 75 name=This is a local repo 76 baseurl=http://10.0.10.1/Centos7 77 enabled=1 78 gpgcheck=0 79 EOF 80 yum clean all && yum list 81  82 #network 83 systemctl restart network.service 84  85 ifconfig |grep inet|awk 'NR==1{print $2}' >/tmp/ip_local 86 ip=`cat /tmp/ip_local` 87 #nwn : network name 88 nwn=`ifconfig |grep eno|awk -F: '{print $1}'` 89 path_n=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-"$nwn" 90  91  92 sed -i 's/BOOTPROTO=dhcp/BOOTPROTO=static/g' $path_n 93 cat>>$path_n <<EOF 94 IPADDR=$ip 95 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 96 EOF 97  98 ifdown $nwn && ifup $nwn 99 100 %end