import org.apache.commons.httpclient.DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.URIException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.StringRequestEntity;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpConnectionManagerParams;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.util.URIUtil;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.util.StreamUtils;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpUtils {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtil.class);
/**
* 执行一个HTTP GET请求，返回请求响应的HTML
*
* @param url 请求的URL地址
* @return 返回请求响应的HTML
*/
public static int doGet(String url) {
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
HttpMethod method = new GetMethod(url);
try {
client.executeMethod(method);
} catch (URIException e) {
logger.error(\"执行HTTP Get请求时，发生异常！\", e);
return HttpStatus.SC_BAD_REQUEST;
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error(\"执行HTTP Get请求\" + url + \"时，发生异常！\", e);
return HttpStatus.SC_BAD_REQUEST;
} finally {
method.releaseConnection();
}
logger.info(\"执行HTTP GET请求，返回码: {}\", method.getStatusCode());
return method.getStatusCode();
}
/**
* 执行一个带参数的HTTP GET请求，返回请求响应的JSON字符串
*
* @param url 请求的URL地址
* @return 返回请求响应的JSON字符串
*/
public static String doGet(String url, String param) {
// 构造HttpClient的实例
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
//设置参数
// 创建GET方法的实例
GetMethod method = new GetMethod(url + \"?\" + param);
// 使用系统提供的默认的恢复策略
method.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER,
new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler());
try {
// 执行getMethod
client.executeMethod(method);
if (method.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
return StreamUtils.copyToString(method.getResponseBodyAsStream(), Charset.forName(\"utf-8\"));
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error(\"执行HTTP Get请求\" + url + \"时，发生异常！\", e);
} finally {
method.releaseConnection();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 执行一个HTTP GET请求，返回请求响应的HTML
*
* @param url 请求的URL地址
* @param queryString 请求的查询参数,可以为null
* @param charset 字符集
* @param pretty 是否美化
* @return 返回请求响应的HTML
*/
public static String doGet(String url, String queryString, String charset, boolean pretty) {
//logger.info(\"http的请求地址为:\"+url);
logger.info(\"http的请求参数为：\" + queryString);
StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
HttpMethod method = new GetMethod(url);
try {
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(queryString)) {
method.setQueryString(URIUtil.encodeQuery(queryString));
}
HttpConnectionManagerParams managerParams = client.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams();
// 设置连接的超时时间
managerParams.setConnectionTimeout(3 * 60 * 1000);
// 设置读取数据的超时时间
managerParams.setSoTimeout(5 * 60 * 1000);
client.executeMethod(method);
logger.info(\"http的请求地址为:\" + url + \",返回的状态码为\" + method.getStatusCode());
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(method.getResponseBodyAsStream(), charset));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
if (pretty) {
response.append(line).append(System.getProperty(\"line.separator\"));
} else {
response.append(line);
}
}
reader.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error(\"执行HTTP Get请求\" + url + \"时，发生异常！\" + e);
return response.toString();
} finally {
method.releaseConnection();
}
return response.toString();
}
/**
* 执行一个带参数的HTTP POST请求，返回请求响应的JSON字符串
*
* @param url 请求的URL地址
* @param map 请求的map参数
* @return 返回请求响应的JSON字符串
*/
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, Object> map) {
// 构造HttpClient的实例
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
// 创建POST方法的实例
PostMethod method = new PostMethod(url);
// 这个basicNameValue**放在List中
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
// 创建basicNameValue***对象参数
if (map != null) {
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : map.entrySet()) {
nameValuePairs.add(new NameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString()));
}
}
// 填入各个表单域的值
NameValuePair[] param = nameValuePairs.toArray(new NameValuePair[nameValuePairs.size()]);
method.setRequestHeader(\"Content-Type\", \"application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8\");
// 将表单的值放入postMethod中
method.addParameters(param);
try {
// 执行postMethod
int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(method);
if (method.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
return StreamUtils.copyToString(method.getResponseBodyAsStream(), Charset.forName(\"utf-8\"));
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
logger.error(e1.getMessage());
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error(\"执行HTTP Post请求\" + url + \"时，发生异常！\" + e.toString());
} finally {
method.releaseConnection();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 执行一个HTTP POST请求，返回请求响应的HTML
*
* @param url 请求的URL地址
* @param reqStr 请求的查询参数,可以为null
* @param charset 字符集
* @return 返回请求响应的HTML
*/
public static String doPost(String url, String reqStr, String contentType, String charset) {
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
PostMethod method = new PostMethod(url);
try {
HttpConnectionManagerParams managerParams = client
.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams();
managerParams.setConnectionTimeout(30000); // 设置连接超时时间(单位毫秒)
managerParams.setSoTimeout(30000); // 设置读数据超时时间(单位毫秒)
method.setRequestEntity(new StringRequestEntity(reqStr, contentType, \"utf-8\"));
client.executeMethod(method);
logger.info(\"返回的状态码为\" + method.getStatusCode());
if (method.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
return StreamUtils.copyToString(method.getResponseBodyAsStream(), Charset.forName(charset));
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
logger.error(e1.getMessage());
return \"\";
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error(\"执行HTTP Post请求\" + url + \"时，发生异常！\" + e.toString());
return \"\";
} finally {
method.releaseConnection();
}
return null;
}
/**
* @param url
* @param entity
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String doPost(String url, HttpEntity entity) {
//创建httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createSystem();
//创建post方式请求对象
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
//设置参数到请求对象中
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);
logger.info(\"Status:\" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));
String inputLine;
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
while ((inputLine = reader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(inputLine);
}
reader.close();
return buffer.toString();
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
logger.info(\"执行http post请求出错,exception={}\", ex.getMessage());
} finally {
try {
client.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return null;
}
}
注：
如果PostMethod提交的是中文字符，需要加上相应的编码格式： post.setRequestHeader(\"Content-Type\",\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8\");
如果GetMethod提交的参数有中文字符，需要先转换成utf-8格式：String param = \"enterpriseName=\"+ URLEncoder.encode(\"中国移动\", \"utf-8\"); HttpUtil.doGet(param, url);
maven依赖说明
commons-httpclient 是 apache-commons 项目下的一个子项目，后来被 HttpComponents 取代，后者提供了更好的性能和更大的灵活性。
commons-httpclient的GAV地址为
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>
其最新版本为3.1，且已经不再更新；
HttpComponents的GAV地址为
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.5</version>
</dependency>
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本文系作者授权百度百家发表，未经许可，不得转载。
