数据结构与算法:单向链表实现与封装

小编 2026-06-08 阅读:673 评论:0

概述单向链表分为单向有头链表和单线无头链表，本文针对单向有头链表使用C语言来实现并进行封装。实现 list_head.h文件 #ifndef _LIST_H_ #define _LIST_H...

概述

单向链表分为单向有头链表和单线无头链表，本文针对单向有头链表使用C语言来实现并进行封装。

实现

list_head.h文件

#ifndef _LIST_H_
#define _LIST_H_
typedef int datatype;
#define SUCC
#define MALLOC_FAIL 1
#define NOHEADNODE 2
#define INDEXFAIL 3
#define LIST_EMPTY 4
#define LIST_NOEMPTY 5
#define FAIL  10
typedef struct List_Node 
{
 datatype data;
 struct List_Node* pNext;
}list;
list*list_create();
int list_insert_at(list* pHead, int i, datatype* pData);
int list_order_insert(list* pHead, datatype* pData);
int list_delete_at(list* pHead, int index);
int list_delete(list* pHead, datatype* pData);
int list_isempty(list* pHead);
void list_display(list* pHead);
void list_destory(list* pHead);
#endif // !_LIST_H_

list_head.c文件

/********************************************************
Copyright (C), 2016-2017,
FileName: list
Author: woniu201
Description:单向有头链表使用
********************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include \"list_head.h\"
/************************************
@ Brief: 创建链表头
@ Author: woniu201 
@ Return:   
************************************/
list* list_create()
{
 list* pNode = (list *)malloc(sizeof(list));
 memset(pNode, 0, sizeof(list));
 if (pNode == NULL)
 {
 return MALLOC_FAIL;
 }
 pNode->pNext = NULL;
 return pNode;
}
/************************************
@ Brief: 按位置插入节点
@ Author: woniu201
@ Return:
************************************/
int list_insert_at(list* pHead, int i, datatype* pData)
{
 int j = 0;
 if (pHead == NULL)
 {
 return NOHEADNODE;
 }
 list* pNode = pHead;
 if (i<0)
 {
 return INDEXFAIL;
 }
 while (j< i && pNode !=NULL)
 {
 pNode = pNode->pNext;
 j++;
 }
 if (pNode == NULL)
 {
 return INDEXFAIL;
 }
 else
 {
 list* newNode = (list*)malloc(sizeof(list));
 if (newNode ==NULL)
 {
  return MALLOC_FAIL;
 }
 memset(newNode, 0, sizeof(list));
 newNode->data = *pData;
 pNode->pNext = newNode;
 }
 return SUCC;
}
/************************************
@ Brief: 按顺序插入节点
@ Author: woniu201
@ Return:
************************************/
int list_order_insert(list* pHead, datatype* pData)
{
 if (pHead == NULL)
 {
 return NOHEADNODE;
 }
 list* pNewNode = (list*)malloc(sizeof(list));
 if (pNewNode == NULL)
 {
 return MALLOC_FAIL;
 }
 memset(pNewNode, 0, sizeof(list));
 pNewNode->data = *pData;
 list* pNode = pHead;
 if (pNode->pNext == NULL)
 {
 pNode->pNext = pNewNode;
 return SUCC;
 }
 while (pNode->pNext != NULL && pNode->pNext->data < *pData)
 {
 pNode = pNode->pNext;
 }
  if (pNode->pNext)
  {
 pNewNode->pNext = pNode->pNext;
 pNode->pNext = pNewNode;
  }
 else
 {
 pNode->pNext = pNewNode;
 }
 return SUCC;
}
/************************************
@ Brief: 按位置删除节点
@ Author: woniu201
@ Return:
************************************/
int list_delete_at(list* pHead, int index)
{
 int j = 0;
 if (pHead == NULL)
 {
 return NOHEADNODE;
 }
 if (index < 0)
 {
 return INDEXFAIL;
 }
 list* pCur = pHead;
 list* pNode = pHead;
 while (pCur->pNext)
 {
 pNode = pCur;
 pCur = pCur->pNext;
 if (index == j)
 {
  break;
 }
 j++;
 }
 if (j< index)
 {
 printf(\"不存在该节点\\n\");
 return INDEXFAIL;
 }
 else
 {
 if (pCur->pNext == NULL)
 {
  pNode->pNext = NULL;
 }
 else
 {
  pNode->pNext = pCur->pNext;
 }
 free(pCur);
 pCur = NULL;
 }
 return SUCC;
}
/************************************
@ Brief: 按值删除节点
@ Author: woniu201
@ Return:
************************************/
int list_delete(list* pHead, datatype* pData)
{
 if (pHead == NULL)
 {
 return NOHEADNODE;
 }
 list* pCur = pHead;
 list* pNode = pHead;
 int bFind = 0;
 while (pCur->pNext)
 {
 pNode = pCur;
 pCur = pCur->pNext;
 if (pCur->data == *pData)
 {
  bFind = 1;
  break;
 }
 }
 if (!bFind)
 {
 printf(\"不存在该节点\\n\");
 return INDEXFAIL;
 }
 else
 {
 if (pCur->pNext == NULL)
 {
  pNode->pNext = NULL;
 }
 else
 {
  pNode->pNext = pCur->pNext;
 }
 free(pCur);
 pCur = NULL;
 }
 return SUCC;
}
/************************************
@ Brief: 判断链表是否为空
@ Author: woniu201
@ Return:
************************************/
int list_isempty(list* pHead)
{
 if (pHead->pNext == NULL)
 {
 return LIST_EMPTY;
 }
 else
 {
 return LIST_NOEMPTY;
 }
}
/************************************
@ Brief: 遍历打印链表
@ Author: woniu201
@ Return:
************************************/
void list_display(list* pHead)
{
 if (list_isempty(pHead) == LIST_EMPTY)
 {
 printf(\"链表为空\\n\");
 return FAIL;
 }
 list* pNode = pHead->pNext;
 while (pNode)
 {
 printf(\"%d\\n\", pNode->data);
 pNode = pNode->pNext;
 }
}
/************************************
@ Brief: 释放链表内存
@ Author: woniu201
@ Return:
************************************/
void  list_destory(list* pHead)
{
 list* pCur = pHead;
 list* pNext = pHead->pNext;
 while (pNext)
 {
 pNext = pNext->pNext;
 free(pCur);
 pCur = NULL;
 pCur = pNext;
 }
}

main.c 测试

#include <stdio.h>
#include \"list_head.h\"
int main()
{
 list* pHead = list_create();
 int data1 = 1;
 int data2 = 3;
 int data3 = 2;
// int ret = list_insert_at(pHead,0, &data1);
// ret = list_insert_at(pHead, 1, &data2);
// if (ret == INDEXFAIL)
// {
//  printf(\"添加索引位置错误\\n\");
// }
 list_order_insert(pHead, &data2);
 list_order_insert(pHead, &data1);
 list_order_insert(pHead, &data3);
 list_delete_at(pHead, 3);
 int deleteData = 1;
 list_delete(pHead, &deleteData);
 list_display(pHead);
 list_destory(pHead);
 return 1;
}

总结

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